New Approach to Observer-Based Finite-Time H∞ Control of Discrete-Time One-Sided Lipschitz Systems with Uncertainties

This paper investigates the finite-time H∞ control problem for a class of nonlinear discrete-time one-sided Lipschitz systems with uncertainties. Using the one-sided Lipschitz and quadratically inner-bounded conditions, the authors derive less conservative criterion for the controller design and observer design. A new criterion is proposed to ensure the closedloop system is finite-time bounded (FTB). The sufficient conditions are established to ensure the closed-loop system is H∞ finite-time bounded (H∞ FTB) in terms of matrix inequalities. The controller gains and observer gains are given. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results

Institution-driven innovation in Guangdong firms: Moderating effects of in-house formal R&D and industrial environment turbulence

This article explores the moderating effects of in-house formal R&D and industrial environment turbulence on the relationship between institutional drivers, in terms of incentives and pressures, and firm innovation. Hypotheses were tested on a sample of manufacturing firms in Guangdong Province of China, where institutional changes and governmental policies play prominent roles in shaping innovation. Results show a positive main effect of institutional incentives, but an insignificant main effect of institutional pressures. In-house formal R&D and industrial turbulence negatively moderate the institutional incentives–innovations relationship, yet positively moderate the institutional pressures–innovations relationship. This study links the innovation systems literature with the institution-based view and deepens the understanding of the joint forces of institutional transitions, industrial changes, and resource heterogeneity in shaping innovation. The findings also inform managers and policymakers in institutional transition environments to better manage institutional drivers of innovation by considering firm- and industry-specific characteristics

Research on the Integrated Development Mode of Pastoral Agriculture

As an emerging thing different from traditional agriculture, the pastoral complex covers a wide range. This paper mainly designs the agricultural landscape under the concept of the pastoral complex to create a more attractive park, attract more tourists to travel and consume here, develop the local economy, improve local income, and promote the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy in the local area. This paper combines theory with practice, broadens the application methods and theoretical framework of the design of rural complexes, has specific reference value for the research of the design of rural complexes, is conducive to the construction of rural landscapes and the protection of rural ecology, arouses people’s re-examination of the construction of rural landscape, and has specific theoretical and practical significance for the development of rural landscape and the implementation of rural revitalization strategy

Discussion on the Construction of Ecological Water Network in Guangxi Province of China

The water network plays an important role in maintaining the stability of regional water resource and ecological environment. It is also affecting the harmonious development between environment and economy. Guangxi is one of the provinces with relatively rich water resources in China, while the ecological water network exists deficiencies and faces challenges. The current situation and defects of ecological water network in Guangxi province will be discussed. By studying the experience of the establishing and the preserve of ecological water network in various regions at home and abroad, some suggestions and targeted measures will be mentioned for a better ecological water network in Guangxi

Simulating Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Sichuan Grassland Net Primary Productivity Using the CASA Model and In Situ Observations

Net primary productivity (NPP) is an important indicator for grassland resource management and sustainable development. In this paper, the NPP of Sichuan grasslands was estimated by the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model. The results were validated with in situ data. The overall precision reached 70%; alpine meadow had the highest precision at greater than 75%, among the three types of grasslands validated. The spatial and temporal variations of Sichuan grasslands were analyzed. The absorbed photosynthetic active radiation (APAR), light use efficiency (ε), and NPP of Sichuan grasslands peaked in August, which was a vigorous growth period during 2011. High values of APAR existed in the southwest regions in altitudes from 2000 m to 4000 m. Light use efficiency (ε) varied in the different types of grasslands. The Sichuan grassland NPP was mainly distributed in the region of 3000–5000 m altitude. The NPP of alpine meadow accounted for 50% of the total NPP of Sichuan grasslands

Numerical investigation of particle dynamic behaviours in geophysical flows considering solid-fluid interaction

Solid-fluid interaction vitally influences the flow dynamics of particles in a geophysical flow. A coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) is used in this study to model multiphase geophysical flow as a mixture of fluid and solid phases. The two non-Newtonian fluids (i.e., Bingham and Hershcel-Bulkley fluids) and water mixed with particles are considered in the simulation, while dry granular flow with the same volume is simulated as a control test. Results revealed that the solid-fluid interaction heavily governs the particle dynamic behaviours. Specifically, compared to dry case, particles in three multiphase cases are characterized by larger flow mobility and greater shear rate while smaller basal normal force. In addition, a power-law distribution with a crossover to a generalized Pareto Distribution is recommended to fit the distribution of normalized interparticle contact force

Control-enhanced quantum metrology under Markovian noise

Quantum metrology is supposed to significantly improve the precision of parameter estimation by utilizing suitable quantum resources. However, the predicted precision can be severely distorted by realistic noises. Here, we propose a control-enhanced quantum metrology scheme to defend against these noises for improving the metrology performance. Our scheme can automatically alter the parameter encoding dynamics with adjustable controls, thus leading to optimal resultant states that are less sensitive to the noises under consideration. As a demonstration, we numerically apply it to the problem of frequency estimation under several typical Markovian noise channels. Through comparing our control-enhanced scheme with the standard scheme and the ancilla-assisted scheme, we show that our scheme performs better and can improve the estimation precision up to around one order of magnitude. Furthermore, we conduct a proof-of-principle experiment in nuclear magnetic resonance system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The research here is helpful for current quantum platforms to harness the power of quantum metrology in realistic noise environments.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Cost-effectiveness analysis of once-daily oral semaglutide versus placebo and subcutaneous glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists added to insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes in China

Introduction: Oral semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) that improves glycated hemoglobin levels and body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We aim to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of once-daily oral semaglutide in comparison to placebo and injectable GLP-1 RAs in Chinese patients with T2DM inadequately controlled on basal insulin.Methods: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Outcomes Model (UKPDS OM2.1) was used to estimate the cost-effectiveness by calculating the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Baseline characteristics of the simulation cohort were obtained from the PIONEER 8 trial. Utility and safety inputs were derived from a network meta-analysis of 12 trials. Direct medical costs were retrieved from published literature and discounted at an annual rate of 5%. We used a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $36,528.3 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Scenario analysis, and one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed.Results: The effectiveness of oral semaglutide was 10.39 QALYs with a total cost of$30,223.10, while placebo provided 10.13 QALYs at a lower total cost of $20,039.19. Oral semaglutide was not cost-effective at an ICER of$39,853.22 and $88,776.61 per QALY compared to placebo and exenatide at the WTP. However, at an annual price of$1,871.9, it was cost-effective compared with dulaglutide, liraglutide, and lixisenatide. The model was most sensitive to the discount rate and annual cost of oral semaglutide. The price of oral semaglutide needed to be reduced to $1,711.03 per year to be cost-effective compared to placebo and other injectable GLP-1 RAs except for exenatide and semaglutide injection.Conclusion: We found that once-daily oral semaglutide, at a comparable price of semaglutide injection, proves to be a cost-effective add-on therapy to insulin for Chinese patients with T2DM, especially when compared to subcutaneous GLP-1 RAs other than injectable semaglutide and exenatide. However, to achieve cost-effectiveness in comparison to placebo, further cost reduction of oral semaglutide is necessary. The estimated annual cost of$1,711.03 for oral semaglutide demonstrates a more cost-effective option than placebo, highlighting its potential value in the management of T2DM